Integral Calculator

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Worked example

Step-by-step solution

∫xex dx\int x e^x \, dx

Step 1 / 4

Choose u and dv

u = x gets simpler when differentiated; e^x is easy to integrate.

u=x,  dv=ex dx  ⇒  du=dx,  v=exu = x,\; dv = e^x\,dx \;\Rightarrow\; du = dx,\; v = e^x

How to use the Integral Calculator

Enter an integral and this integral calculator names the technique it uses, works through every substitution, and checks the antiderivative by differentiating it back.

  1. Type the integral, for example “integral of x e^x dx”, or give bounds for a definite integral.
  2. Press Solve it. The calculator picks a technique: basic rules, u-substitution, integration by parts or partial fractions.
  3. Follow the substitution in each step and the + C on indefinite integrals.
  4. The last step differentiates the answer to confirm it.

Choosing an integration technique

∫u dv=uv−∫v du\int u\,dv = uv - \int v\,du

Start with the basic rules. If the integrand contains a function and its derivative, try u-substitution. If it is a product of two different kinds of functions, such as a polynomial times an exponential, integration by parts usually works.

For integration by parts, choose u to be the factor that gets simpler when differentiated. In ∫ x e^x dx, u = x becomes 1 while e^x stays easy to integrate.

Frequently asked questions

Can it evaluate definite integrals?

Yes. Give the bounds, for example “integral from 0 to 1 of x² dx”, and it finds the antiderivative and evaluates it exactly: 1/3.

Why is there a + C in the answer?

An indefinite integral is a family of antiderivatives that differ by a constant, because the derivative of any constant is zero.

What if an integral has no elementary antiderivative?

Some integrals, such as ∫ e^(−x²) dx, cannot be written with elementary functions. The calculator says so and, for definite integrals, gives a numerical value.

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